The composition and principle of mini excavators mainly involve two aspects: their basic structure and working principle. ‌

In terms of basic structure, the basic structure of a mini excavator includes a bucket, bulldozer shovel, connecting rod, oil cylinder, engine, hydraulic pump, motor, boom, boom oil cylinder, track, guide wheel, idler wheel, support wheel, boom, drive wheel, counterweight, and other parts. These components work together to enable mini excavators to perform tasks such as excavation, loading, and transportation. Specifically, the walking devices of mini excavators, whether tracked or wheeled, are designed with specific structures and functions to ensure the stability and safety of the excavator. For example, tracked walking devices provide stable support and good off-road performance through friction between driving wheels, guide wheels, support wheels and other components and the ground, while tire walking devices are widely used in urban construction due to their fast operating speed and good maneuverability. ‌

In terms of working principle, mini excavators control the multi way directional valve to transfer hydraulic oil from the hydraulic pump to the hydraulic cylinder oil circuit, thereby driving the working device to achieve work. The hydraulic transmission track walking device controls the oil circuit through the walking motor supplied by the hydraulic pump installed on the track, achieving steering and local turning to adapt to the movement of the excavator on various ground and field. In addition, the tensioning device of the tracked walking device buffers the impact force applied by the track by injecting pressure grease, eliminating the impact load and improving the service life. ‌

In summary, the composition and principle of mini excavators involve the precise cooperation of multiple components and the implementation of working principles, ensuring their efficient and safe operation in various working environments. ‌